Frequently asked questions about certificates of authenticity
Everything people usually ask me before certifying a signature. If you can't find your answer, write to me: I'll reply personally, in English or Spanish.
The certificate
What is a certificate of authenticity?
It is a document that identifies a specific item and records an expert's conclusion on its authenticity. The VS Certificate is signed by a forensic handwriting examiner after examining the signature, and includes a unique number that can be verified on this website.
What kinds of items do you certify?
Signatures and handwritten material: autographs and inscriptions, signed historical documents, signed militaria, letters and manuscripts. On artworks I can examine the signature, but not the attribution of the work itself.
Is it legally binding?
It is an expert's technical opinion, not an official document. Its value depends on the examiner's qualifications and method. For court proceedings, a forensic expert report is the appropriate document.
Can I have it in English?
Yes, at no extra cost. I can also assist you in English throughout the whole process.
Process and turnaround
What is the difference between the physical and the digital certificate?
With physical + digital I examine the original item and you receive a printed certificate with security features, plus the digital version. With digital only I examine photographs; it costs less, but its scope is limited because an image does not allow pressure, ink or paper to be assessed.
Which photos do I need to send?
The whole item front and back, a close-up of the signature and any stamps or marks. In natural light, without flash or filters. For the digital certificate, at the highest resolution possible.
How long does it take?
It depends on the item: I only issue the certificate when the examination allows a sound conclusion. The expected turnaround is stated in your quote.
How do I send the item?
Once the quote is accepted and paid, I send you the shipping address privately, with packing advice. I always recommend insured, tracked shipping.
What happens if the signature is not genuine?
No certificate is issued. I explain the reason in writing and return the item to you.
Prices
How much does it cost?
The digital-only certificate from €75; physical + digital from €100 plus insured shipping. It depends on the estimated value and complexity. See all prices.
Are there discounts?
Yes: −15% from 5 items and −25% from 10. Dealers and auction houses can ask for a trade rate.
Is there a charge for the preliminary assessment?
It costs €25, which is deducted from the price of the certificate if you go ahead. I tell you whether the item can be certified and send you a fixed quote.
Verification and privacy
How do I check a VS certificate?
Enter its number in the verifier. If it does not appear or the item does not match, contact me before buying.
What do you do with my photos and data?
I use them only for your quote and your certificate. They are not published or passed on. See the privacy policy.